英語翻譯：新冠病毒疫情防控相關(guān)詞匯

一、疫病名稱

冠狀病毒

coronavirus

2019新型冠狀病毒

2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)

肺炎

pneumonia

病毒性肺炎

viral pneumonia

不明原因肺炎

pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause

嚴(yán)重急性呼吸綜合征（非典）

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

嚴(yán)重急性呼吸道感染

severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)

急性呼吸窘迫綜合征

acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

中東呼吸綜合征

Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)

呼吸道疾?。ê粑到y(tǒng)疾?。?/p>

respiratory diseases

二、傳染防控

國(guó)際關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件

Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)

乙類傳染病

Category B infectious diseases

人傳人

person-to-person/human-to-human transmission

行走的傳染源

mobile source of infection

潛伏期

incubation/latent period

無癥狀的潛伏期

silent/asymptomatic incubation period

特定傳染病

specific infectious disease

病毒攜帶者 virus carrier

無癥狀攜帶者

asymptomatic carrier

超級(jí)傳播者

super spreader

飛沫傳播

droplet transmission

接觸傳播

contact transmission

病毒的蔓延

spread of a virus

隱性感染

covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection

外源性感染

exogenous infection

密切接觸者

close contact

接觸者追蹤

contact tracing

傳染途徑

route of transmission

傳播方式

mode of transmission

宿主

host

易感人群

susceptible/vulnerable population

醫(yī)院/院內(nèi)感染

nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection

職業(yè)暴露

occupational exposure

確診病例

confirmed case

疑似病例

suspected case

散在病例

sporadic case

輸入性病例

imported case

二代病例

second-generation case

傳染性

transmissibility; infectivity

致病性

pathogenicity

疫情

epidemic; outbreak

疫區(qū)

affected area

發(fā)病

morbidity

發(fā)熱病人

patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients

重癥

severe case

發(fā)病率

incidence rate

死亡率

mortality rate

病死率（致死率）

fatality/mortality/death rate

治愈率

recovery rate

疫情防控

epidemic prevention and control

監(jiān)測(cè)體溫

to monitor body temperature

體溫檢測(cè)

to check body temperature

早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早隔離

early detection and early isolation

隔離治療

to receive treatment in isolation

自我隔離

to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine

臨床數(shù)據(jù)

clinical data

核酸檢測(cè)

nucleic acid testing (NAT)

血清診斷

serodiagnosis

自覺接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察

to present yourself to medical observation

解除醫(yī)學(xué)觀察

to be discharged from medical observation

診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查

diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening

預(yù)防措施

preventive measure

疫苗

vaccine

戴口罩

to wear a mask

勤洗手/仔細(xì)洗手

to wash your hands often/carefully

消毒

disinfection

避免去人多的地方

avoid crowds

健康篩查

health screening

旅行限制

travel restrictions

健康申報(bào)表

health declaration form

海鮮市場(chǎng)

seafood market

活體農(nóng)貿(mào)市場(chǎng)

live animal market

濕貨市場(chǎng)

wet market

野味

bushmeat; game

果子貍

masked palm civet

蝙蝠

bat

竹鼠

bamboo rat

獾

badger

三、政策舉措

突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件

public health emergency

啟動(dòng)重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件一級(jí)響應(yīng)

to activate first-level public health emergency response

掌握情況，不漏一人

to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked

遏制疫情蔓延

to contain the outbreak

封城

A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.

延遲開學(xué)

to postpone the reopening of schools

延長(zhǎng)春節(jié)假期

to extend the Chinese New Year holiday

（公共場(chǎng)所）消毒、通風(fēng)以及體溫檢測(cè)

disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)

應(yīng)急醫(yī)院

makeshift hospital

火神山醫(yī)院

Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

雷神山醫(yī)院

Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)

暫停海外團(tuán)隊(duì)旅行

to suspend overseas group tours

關(guān)閉景點(diǎn)

to close scenic spots

取消大型集會(huì)

to cancel mass gatherings

減少外出

to make fewer trips outside

控制人口流動(dòng)

to curb population flow

兩周觀察期

two-week observation period

停運(yùn)長(zhǎng)途汽車

to halt long-distance buses

調(diào)減市內(nèi)公交

to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city

特殊報(bào)銷政策

special reimbursement rules

緊平衡

in tight balance

醫(yī)療物資緊缺

shortage of medical supplies

日?；旧钗镔Y

daily necessities

跨境采購

cross-border procurement

囤積食物

to stock up on food

捂貨惜售

hoarding

瞞報(bào)

to underreport

哄抬價(jià)格

price gouging

頂格處罰

the maximum penalty

四、機(jī)構(gòu)、職業(yè)群體和場(chǎng)所名稱

世衛(wèi)組織

World Health Organization (WHO)

中央應(yīng)對(duì)新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組（中央應(yīng)對(duì)疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組）

Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control

國(guó)家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(huì)（國(guó)家衛(wèi)健委）

National Health Commission (NHS)

中國(guó)疾病預(yù)防控制中心（中國(guó)疾控中心）

Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)

國(guó)家醫(yī)療保障局（國(guó)家醫(yī)保局）

National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)

醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)

medical institution

衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)

health institution

醫(yī)療從業(yè)者

medical practitioner; healthcare professional

醫(yī)療人員

medical personnel; health workforce; health workers

一線醫(yī)護(hù)人員

frontline health workers

鐘南山

Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)

定點(diǎn)醫(yī)院

designated hospitals

發(fā)熱門診

fever clinic

重癥監(jiān)護(hù)病房

intensive care unit (ICU)

檢疫所

quarantine office

藥店

pharmacy; drugstore

五、病理癥狀

病理

pathology

病原體

pathogen

病毒變異

virus variation

病毒突變

virus mutation

臨床表現(xiàn)

clinical picture

上呼吸道感染

upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)

低氧血癥

hypoxemia; low blood oxygen

纖維化

fibrosis

肺膿腫

lung abscess

雙肺浸潤(rùn)性病灶

infiltration in both lungs

發(fā)熱

fever

乏力

fatigue

干咳

dry cough

頭疼

headache

胸悶

chest distress; chest oppression

心慌

palpitations

惡心想吐

nausea

腹瀉

diarrhea

呼吸困難

dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties

呼吸急促（氣促）

shortness of breath; panting

感染性休克

septic shock

六、器具名稱

紅外體溫測(cè)量?jī)x

infrared thermometer

體溫檢測(cè)熱像儀

thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring

診斷器具

diagnostic tool/kit

消毒液

disinfectant; antiseptic solution

消毒濕巾

disinfectant/antiseptic wipes

含酒精洗手液

alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer

口罩

facemask; mask

N95口罩

N95 mask/respirator

醫(yī)用外科口罩

surgical mask

防護(hù)服

protective suit

護(hù)目鏡

goggles

一次性手套

disposable gloves

負(fù)壓救護(hù)車

negative pressure ambulance

七、其他醫(yī)學(xué)名詞

國(guó)際衛(wèi)生條例

International Health Regulations (IHR)

流行病學(xué)

epidemiology

流行病學(xué)調(diào)查（流調(diào)）

epidemiological investigation

呼吸器官

respiratory organs

呼吸道

respiratory tract

消化系統(tǒng)

digestive system

神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)

nervous system

腎功能

renal function

流感

influenza; flu

結(jié)膜炎

conjunctivitis; pink eye

宿疾、慢性病

chronic ailment; chronic disease

高血壓

hypertension; high blood pressure

糖尿病

diabetes; diabetes mellitus

心血管病

cardiovascular disease

基因序列

genetic sequence

基因結(jié)構(gòu)

genetic structure

試劑

reagent

診斷

diagnosis

檢測(cè)樣本

test sample

醫(yī)學(xué)觀察

medical watch; medical observation

病毒分離

virus isolation

抗病毒藥

antiviral drug

退燒藥

febrifuge; antipyretic

來源：中國(guó)外文局中國(guó)翻譯研究院

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